Halo masses refer to the total mass contained within a dark matter halo, which is a gravitationally bound structure that forms within the framework of the cold dark matter theory. These halos are thought to be the building blocks of galaxies and other large-scale structures in the universe. The study of halo masses is important for understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies, as well as the distribution of dark matter in the universe. Observations of halo masses can provide insights into the properties of dark matter and the mechanics of galaxy formation. Researchers use a variety of methods to estimate halo masses, including gravitational lensing, galaxy clustering, and simulations of cosmic structure formation. By studying the distribution and properties of halo masses, scientists can gain a better understanding of the fundamental forces driving the assembly of galaxies and the structure of the universe.